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How to look after your rabbits

Check out our advice on helping your rabbits feel at home.

In the wild, rabbits spend hours grazing on open grass and reaching up to forage along native hedgerows. They live underground, so busy themselves digging and exploring potential burrows. Wild rabbits also choose to be close to several different boltholes they can escape to if they feel threatened.

So, when you create your pet rabbits’ environment, it’s important to choose items that will encourage and support this natural behaviour. This will keep them active and mentally stimulated, so they stay healthy and happy.

 

Keep your rabbits happy with friends

Rabbits need compatible, neutered companions. A single rabbit, or one with an unsuitable companion, may stay very nervous and reluctant to come out and explore. In some cases, they could even become aggressive towards you. It’s vital you keep two or more rabbits who are happy in each other’s company.

If you have a lone rabbit, we can help. We have an onsite mixing service where we can help you find a companion for your rabbit. We can either mix them onsite or give you advice on how to mix them at home.

 

Give your rabbits some hidey-holes

Rabbits feel safe when they have plenty of places to run into or hide. Give your rabbits several shelters, from plastic tables and chairs to card or plastic tunnels. Here are a few more ideas for shelters your rabbits will love: 

  • Cat carriers lined with newspaper and lots of hay make great hiding places. Put a towel or blanket on top so they don’t slip and hurt themselves. 
  • Large cardboard boxes: cut a few rabbit-sized holes in the boxes to give them multiple entrances and exits. Put a towel or blanket on top so they don’t slip and hurt themselves. And regularly check for signs of chewing. You’ll need to remove the cardboard if the rabbits are eating it because it can cause gut blockages.   
  • Large tunnels for them to hop in and through. Children’s plastic tunnels are great for this. 
  • Children’s tables and chairs: put a towel or blanket on top for them to jump on or hide under.

 

Help your rabbits keep their pen clean

 Give your rabbits large rectangular cat litter trays or dog beds lined with newspaper and filled with lots of hay. This will help with litter training. 

A spacious outdoor rabbit enclosure with wooden walls, mesh fencing, a wooden shelf, covered beds, food bowls, a litter box, and hay. The space is clean and well-organized for small pets.

An outdoor rabbit enclosure with wooden walls, mesh fencing, a wooden shelf, covered beds, food bowls, a litter box, and hay.

Encourage digging and gnawing

Rabbits love to dig! Try giving yours a dig tray or old car tyre filled with organic compost, sand or hay.

Apple or willow tree branches and twigs are great for gnawing on. Often, rabbits don’t like wooden chew toys as the tasty bark has been removed. Try offering them apple tree or willow twigs instead. They love to chew all the bark off, plus it’s great for their digestive system! Fruit tree or willow logs make great lookout towers too! Rabbits love to jump on them and survey their territory.

 

Make feeding fun! 

Here are lots of ideas to help you encourage your rabbits’ natural foraging behaviour:

  • Grow grass in large litter trays if your rabbits don’t have access to grass.
  • Make hay kebabs and forage trees. Take two cardboard kitchen rolls and stuff one end with their favourite hay, add some dried or fresh forage into the centre and enclose the other end with more hay. Poke a willow twig through the middle of the rolls and put several of them into an empty cardboard box to make a forage tree.
  • Try forage bags: half-fill a paper bag with hay or dried grass, then mix in some dried or fresh forage. Make sure you tear off the handle, then give the full bag to your rabbits. No rabbit can resist a rustling paper bag!
  • Make stick bundles: take 10 – 12 willow or apple sticks and tie them tightly together, around the middle. Hang them from the sides of your rabbit run for them to reach up and enjoy.
  • Try plant pot feeders: mix some hay and dried or fresh forage in a plant pot and turn it upside down. Watch as your rabbits have fun trying to get to the treats!
  • Give them some herb planters: grow herbs like mint or lemon balm in a plant pot and place it in their enclosure for them to have a nibble on.
  • Build mock hedges: stuff garden hanging baskets or magazine racks with hay – really pack it in tight so your rabbits can’t get their legs stuck. Then hang them up in the run to encourage your rabbit to reach up and browse.
  • Buy or make a puzzle feeder – put different-sized cardboard tubes into an egg box. Stand them up and place their dried food or forage inside. Your rabbits will enjoy pulling out the tubes and throwing them around to get to the food inside.
  • Make your own forage weave with plants from your garden.
  • Make your own simple cracker using a cardboard tube filled with tasty forage.

 

Choose the right bedding 

What to avoid

The wrong bedding for rabbits can have a negative effect on their health. Wood shavings, sawdust and straw cause respiratory conditions and give us humans an allergic reaction too. Straw can also cause nasty eye poke injuries, so avoid giving any of these things to your rabbits. 

Hay is the best bedding

The most suitable bedding for your rabbits is green, sweet-smelling hay. It also makes up a large proportion of their diet, so it has multiple uses! You can: 

  • Line multiple rectangular litter trays with newspaper and place lots of hay on top
  • Place large piles of hay around the enclosure
  • Cover the floor of any hutches or sheds with a good layer of it 
  • Stuff large cardboard boxes or cat carriers with it to help keep them warm in winter. 

It’s often more cost-effective to buy hay from a local farm or equine shop by the bale. You can then pick a nice, green bale and reduce the risk of it being old stock, contaminated or filled with sharp thistles. Find out about all the different hay you can use.  

Watch out for allergies

Some people are allergic to hay and sometimes mistakenly believe they’re allergic to rabbits. 

 

Cleaning your rabbits’ enclosure 

Daily – spot clean

This is vital in the summer months to help prevent flystrike.

  1. Empty any used litter trays and remove any other soiled bedding.
  2. Replace dirty bedding with fresh hay.
  3. Change the water.
  4. Remove any uneaten greens or vegetables from the day before.

Weekly – refresh clean

This is important to keep your rabbits’ home in great condition and prevent flystrike.

  1. Move your rabbits to a secure plastic cat carrier with plenty of hay inside. Place the carrier in a safe, quiet space, away from where you’re cleaning.
  2. Remove any used litter trays, bowls and bottles, and any regularly used enrichment, toys or hiding spaces. Then clean them with pet-friendly disinfectant. Leave any cleaner ones aside without cleaning them so they keep the rabbits’ familiar scent.
  3. Set aside all the clean, unsoiled hay and sweep out the enclosure. Wipe any soiled areas with pet-friendly disinfectant.
  4. Replace the hay you saved in step three, and add fresh bedding. Add a few new toys for interest and put the uncleaned toys and enrichment in to help the rabbits settle back in.

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